CFG
by earl, 7966 days ago
Context-Free Grammar"A context-free grammar is a formal system that describes a language by specifying how any legal text can be derived from a distinguished symbol called the axiom, or sentence symbol. It consists of a set of productions, each of which states that a given symbol can be replaced by a given sequence of symbols."
A CFG consists of four entities: the axiom (sentence non-terminal or "start" non-terminal), a set of non-terminal symbols, a set of terminal symbols and a set of production rules. A context free grammar can therefore be described as the following set:
G = { S, N, T, R }
S ... the non-terminal symbol being the axiom
N ... the set of non-terminal symbols (also called identifiers)
T ... the set of terminal symbols (also called literals)
R ... the set of production rules
BNF/EBNF and Prolog's DCG are examples of CFG specification methods.
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